风向变化显著影响风力机气动载荷分布,从而影响风力机稳定高效的运行,而气动载荷是风力机结构应力和功率变化主要影响因素之一.该文以 S 翼型三叶片水平轴风力机为研究对象,在旋转平台上进行风洞实验,对不同风向变化速度(0.5º、1º、1.5º、2º/s)下风力机叶片和塔架的应力以及风力机功率特性进行分析.结果表明:风向变化速度为0.5º/s时,在风向由 0º变化到 30º时,叶片弦向和展向应力值和风力机功率下降幅度最大;在风向由0º变化到20º时,叶片应力值和功率下降较为缓慢,风向变化结束后,风力机应力与功率会进一步减小;风向变化角度在0°～20°范围内,受叶片转速和气动载荷下降速度与风向变化耦合作用的影响,塔架应力值出现较大波动,并随风向变化速度的增加,波动出现的区间从15º～20º提前到0º～5º;风向变化结束后,叶片转速持续下降,造成塔架应力仍有不同程度的波动.结果可为考虑风向变化下运行的风力机结构设计提供一定理论依据.
Analysis of Stress and Power Characteristics of Wind Turbine Blades and Tower Under Dynamic Wind Direction Change
The change of wind direction significantly affects the aerodynamic load distribution of wind turbines and thus affects the stable and efficient operation of wind turbine and aerodynamic load is one of the main influencing factors of wind turbine structural stress and power variation.Taking the S-airfoil three-blade horizontal axis wind turbine designed by the research group as the research object,the wind tunnel test is carried out on the rotating platform.The stress of wind turbine blades and tower and the power characteristics of wind turbine are analyzed under different wind direction change speeds(0.5°/s,1°/s,1.5°/s,2°/s).The results show that when the wind direction change speed is 0.5°/s,the chordwise and spanwise stress values of the blade and the wind turbine power drop the most when the wind direction changes from 0° to 30°;when the wind direction changes from 0° to 20°,the stress values of the blade and power decrease relatively slowly,and the stress and power of the wind turbine will further decrease after the wind direction change ends.The wind direction change angle is in the range of 0°～20°,the stress value of the tower fluctuates greatly which is affected by the coupling effect of the blade speed and the decreasing speed of aerodynamic load and the wind direction change,and with the increase of the wind direction change speed,the fluctuation range advances from 15°～20° to 0°～5°.After the wind direction change ends,the blade speed continues to decrease,the tower stress still fluctuates to varying degrees,and the results provide some theoretical basis for the structural design of wind turbines operating under wind direction change.
dynamic wind direction changewind turbinebladetowerstresspower
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
