化学吸收法是现阶段燃烧后 CO2 捕集大规模应用的主要技术路线，但其运行和投资成本高是技术难题。该文采用基于有机胺构效关系开发的低再生能耗少水胺吸收剂，在真实燃烧后烟气条件下的中试平台上，试验研究少水胺吸收剂的 CO2 捕集率、再生能耗、挥发性胺排放等性能，并通过流程模拟与成本测算，评估技术经济性。中试结果表明，烟气流量为 260～280 m3/h，CO2 浓度(干基)约 12%，少水胺体系(水质量浓度约 15%)实现稳定运行，CO2 捕集率高于90%，再生能耗低至 2。35 GJ/t CO2，胺挥发排放较高(约110～380 mg/m3)。在Aspen Plus建立 10 000 m3/h烟气CO2捕集工艺流程，相比常规一乙醇胺(monoethanolamine，MEA)工艺，少水胺工艺系统的投资成本降低12%，运行成本降低 20%。该少水胺吸收剂具有 CO2 捕集率高、再生能耗低、系统投资和运行成本低等优势，有望在工业示范中应用。该文研究结果可为万 t 级/年 CO2 捕集示范工程的设计提供一定依据。
Pilot Test and Techno-economic Assessment on Water-lean Amine-based CO2 Capture Process
Chemical absorption is currently an available technology for scaling up post-combustion CO2 capture.The main challenge is high operating and capital cost.Water-lean amine solvent previously developed based on structure-activity relationship is tested in a real post-combustion flue gas pilot to investigate CO2 capture efficiency,regeneration energy,and volatile amine emission.Process modeling and techno-economic assessment are conducted.Pilot results suggest stable operation of water-lean amine system at flue rate of 260～280 m3/h and CO2 concentration(dry)of 12%.CO2 capture efficiency is 90%,regeneration energy is 2.35 GJ/t CO2,and volatile amine emission is 110～380 mg/m3.Process modeling in Aspen Plus with gas rate of 10 000 m3/h indicates 12%lower capital cost and 20%lower operating cost than monoethanolamine(MEA)process.This water-lean amine is promising for industrial application to achieve high CO2 removal,reduced regeneration energy,and cost reduction.This study provides reference for CO2 capture demonstration design.
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