活性添加剂对生物质循环流化床燃烧特性影响研究进展
Research Progress on Effect of Active Additives on Combustion Characteristics of Biomass-fired Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor
马宇宸 1张一珍 2汤薛玉 3齐俊钢 1韦鲁滨 1黄中 3吕俊复 3柯希玮3
作者信息
- 1. 中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京市 海淀区 100083
- 2. 山西工程职业学院,山西省 太原市 030009
- 3. 热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室(清华大学能源与动力工程系),北京市 海淀区 100084
- 折叠
摘要
循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)燃烧被认为是未来大规模开发利用生物质能源最有潜力的技术之一.该文概述生物质直燃CFB锅炉在运行实践中面临的受热面沾污腐蚀、床料烧结团聚、燃烧不均匀、NOx原始排放高等诸多问题和对应的活性添加剂解决方案.如采用硅铝基、硫基、钙基、磷基等添加剂形成高熔点盐或降低Cl含量,可有效缓解炉内受热面沾污腐蚀等现象;借助载氧体辅助燃烧技术,有望通过替代床料的氧化还原循环反应改善炉内气氛分布均匀性并提高燃烧效率;在燃烧过程中投入适量的铁基或还原类添加剂,可抑制含氮前驱体向 NOx转化,亦或还原已生成的 NOx,从而降低 NOx原始排放.未来,对添加剂的研究应重点关注机理分析、标准化、工程放大、固废资源化利用等方向,以期实现对生物质的清洁高效利用.
Abstract
Circulating fluidized bed(CFB)combustion is regarded as one of the most potential technologies for large-scale development and utilization of biomass energy in the future.This article presents a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced by biomass-fired CFB boilers including fouling and corrosion on heating surfaces,agglomeration of bed materials,low combustion efficiency,and high NOx emissions.The corresponding solutions using active additives are discussed.For instance,the use of silica-aluminum-based,sulfur-based,calcium-based,and phosphorus-based additives,which form high-melting-point salts or reduce Cl content,effectively alleviating fouling and corrosion on heating surfaces.The introduction of oxygen carrier aided combustion technology shows promise in improving the uniformity of gas distribution within the furnace and enhancing combustion efficiency by replacing the oxygen reduction cycle reaction of bed materials.Furthermore,introducing iron-based or reducing agents in the combustion process can suppress the conversion of nitrogen precursors to NOx or reduce the presence of already formed NOx,thereby reducing the original emissions of NOx.Future research on additives should focus on mechanistic analysis,standardization,engineering scaling,and solid waste resource utilization,aiming to achieve clean and efficient utilization of biomass.
关键词
生物质/循环流化床/活性添加剂/燃烧/NOxKey words
biomass/circulating fluidized bed/active-additives/combustion/NOx引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52306251)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M721780)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据