燃料电池发电技术具有高效率、低污染、低噪声等特点,且易与碳捕集技术结合实现 CO2 近零排放,已成为分布式供能领域的关键技术与重要方向.该文介绍燃料电池分布式供能技术的特点、种类及应用,总结国内外燃料电池分布式供能技术的政策规划和技术发展现状,探讨我国在燃料电池分布式供能领域技术发展趋势.预期未来我国以氢气和天然气为主要燃料类型的质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell,PEMFC)和固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide fuel cell,SOFC)技术将得到广泛应用,而应用于社区、医院、学校等大型公共场所的热电联供系统将是近期更易实现商业化的方向.最后,针对我国燃料电池分布式供能技术的开发推广,指出我国未来发展需综合考虑经济性和安全性,重点突破燃料电池关键技术的国产化,并完善燃料电池分布式供能的补贴政策和技术标准,进一步推动其产业化应用.
Development Status and Analysis of Fuel Cell Based Distributed Energy Supply Technology
Fuel cell power generation technology is characterized by high efficiency,low pollution,and low noise.Furthermore,fuel cells combined with CO2 capture technologies can realize the near-zero emission.Thus,the fuel cell has become a key technology in the distributed energy field and an important direction in the development of distributed energy field.The characteristics,types and applications of the fuel cell based distributed energy supply systems are reviewed in this paper,and the status of the policy planning and technological development at home and abroad are summarized.Then,the development trend in the field of distributed fuel cell energy supply in China is discussed.It is expected that PEMFC and SOFC technologies with hydrogen and natural gas as the main fuel types will be widely used in the future.Combined heat and power systems used in large public places such as communities,hospitals and schools are currently the focus of breakthroughs,which is proper for commercial promotion.Finally,in view of the development and promotion of distributed energy supply technology for fuel cells in our country,it is pointed out that the future development of the technology needs to consider economy and safety comprehensively,and focus on breaking through the localization of fuel cell key technologies.Furthermore,the subsidy policy and technical standards should be improved for distributed fuel cell-based energy supply systems to further promote its industrial application.
distributed energy supplyfuel cellcombined heat and powercurrent statusdevelopment trend
万方数据
维普
