Field trial with a randomized group design was conducted and seven N treatments were set up,including no N fertilizer(CK),conventional farmer's fertilizer(FFP),urease inhibitor type N fertilizer with 21.40％N reduction(compared with FFP,the same as the rest)(OPT),one-time mechanical side deep fertilization(MSDF)of resin-coated urea with 35.70％N reduction(CRUM1),one-time MSDF of fertilizer-coated fertilizer with 35.70％N reduction(CRUM2),deep placement of fertilizer(DPF)of resin-coated urea with 51.80％N reduction(CRUR1),and one-time DPF of fertilizer-coated fertilizer with 51.80％N reduction(CRUR2).Rice plant height,tillering,dry matter quality,yield,N use efficiency,and ammonia volatilization were measured to study the effects of new nitrogen fertilizer management methods on rice yield,nitrogen use efficiency and ammonia volatilization.The results showed that,plant height and tiller number of CRUM1 and CRUM2 treatments were comparable to those of FFP treatment;compared with the traditional fertilizer methods(CK,FFD and OPT),the dry matter accumulation of CRUM1 and CRUM2 treatments were increased by 11.90％-12.30％.The results of NNI showed that the MSDF with 35.70％reduction could meet the N demand for rice growth.Rice yield could be stabilized(9.76 t/hm2 and 9.60 t/hm2)with 35.70％-51.80％nitrogen reduction under side deep application and hole application.Compared with traditional spreading,CRUM1,CRUM2,CRUR1 and CRUR2 had lower NH4+-N content in field water,and ammonia volatilization loss was reduced by 39.15％-93.15％.The nitrogen utilization efficiency significantly increased by 77.45％-95.70％.In conclusion,optimizing N fertilizer management could achieve stable rice yield with reduced N application,while significantly improved N utilization efficiency and reducd ammonia volatilization.MSDF and DPF with new nitrogen fertilizer could reduce N fertilizer input by 35.70％-51.80％.
ricenitrogen fertilizermechanical side deep application of Nnitrogen use efficiencyammonia volatilization
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