Rice leaf morphology is a key factor in determining the ideal plant shape.According to the"source-sink"theory,rice leaf morphology has an important impact on rice yield by influencing"source"flows such as photosynthetic efficiency.Among them,leaf size,leaf curl,and leaf inclination are the key agronomic traits that determine yield in overall plant and leaf shape.In recent years,many genes controlling leaf morphology have been cloned and characterized.The development of rice leaves can be divided into three distinct stages:formation of rice leaf primordia,establishment and maintenance of polarity,and leaf expansion.In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular biology technology,the important functions of many key genes regulating rice leaf morphology have been elucidated.For example,the synergistic effect of PLA1 and PLA2 genes in cell division,the synergistic regulation of NAL1,NAL9,NRL1,NRL2 and other genes in leaf vein development,the fine regulation of the cellular structure of thick-walled tissues by SLL1 and SRL2 genes,and the polarity transport and distribution of phytohormones by OsPIN1 and OsWOX3A genes collectively constitute a complex regulatory network of leaf morphology in rice.Together,these genes constitute the cornerstone of the complex regulatory network of leaf morphology in rice,providing important clues for an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms of leaf morphology development in crops.The study of the molecular mechanisms affecting rice leaf morphology is of great biological significance for the realization of high and stable yield of rice using the"source-sink"theory.
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