Research Progress on the Prevalence and Transmission Mechanism of West Nile Fever
West Nile fever(WNF)is one of the zoonotic diseases that were transmitted by insects and detected earlier(in 1937).In recent years,outbreaks of WNF in humans and horses had occurred in many regions of the Americas,Europe and Africa,posing a serious threat to human and animal health.In the paper,the role of mosquitoes and birds in the spread of West Nile virus(WNV),as well as the transmission mechanism of bird-mosquito-bird was discussed in details.The results showed that mosquitoes were merely carriers and vectors of WNV,while birds were true hosts and played an important role in virus cross-regional transmission,and local transmission of WNV was mainly remained by the bird-mosquito-bird mechanism;humans,horses,dogs,goats and other mammals were the terminal hosts of the virus,besides,humans could also be infected through blood transfusion and organ transplant.Based on the epidemiological characteristics of WNV,monitoring over the virus in birds and mosquitoes should be continuously carried out in habitats of migratory birds in China,the epidemiological mechanisms and risk assessment influenced by the vectors,climate and environmental factors should be researched,with a view to providing scientific basis for development of early warning mechanisms as well as prevention and control measures.
万方数据
维普
