Research Progress on Diagnostic Techniques for Schmallenberg Disease
Schmallenberg disease(SBD)is an insect-borne infectious disease of ruminants caused by Schmallenberg virus(SBV),which should be prevented and controlled by confirmation through detecting pathogens and antibodies in time as there has been no any effective treatment methods.SBD is mainly diagnosed by etiological detection methods such as virus isolation and identification,RT-PCR and real-time fluorescent RT-RAA,as well as serological detection methods such as viral neutralization test(VNT),plaque reduction neutralization test(PRNT),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and immunochromatographic strips.Each of which has advantages and disadvantages.To be specific,virus isolation and identification and VNT are classical but time-consuming due to strict operation involving virus culture;RT-PCR and ELISA are simple and commonly used for SBV laboratory testing;and RT-RAA and immunochromatographic strips are suitable for rapid on-site screening with their short reaction time.Therefore,SBD should be diagnosed by one or more methods according to actual conditions,requirements and purposes.Here,the research progress of etiological and serological diagnosis technologies for SBD in recent years was summarized,aiming to provide a technical reference for monitoring,prevention and control of SBD.
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