摘要
为了解河南省牛羊布鲁氏菌病(以下简称"布病")流行情况及免疫效果,2023 年对 404 个养殖场户的 10 807 份样品进行了实验室检测,并按动物种类、疫苗种类及免疫途径等对检测结果进行了统计分析.结果显示:229 个未免疫场群中,牛养殖场户的场群阳性率和个体阳性率均为 0,羊规模场分别为 2.00%和0.24%,羊散养户分别为 3.13%和 3.44%.175 个免疫场群中,牛规模场和散养户的抗体阳性率分别为 55.75%和 48.43%,羊规模场和散养户分别为 81.11%和 58.14%.牛群免疫疫苗主要为A19、M5-90Δ26 和S2,其抗体阳性率分别为 63.43%、40.00%和 21.11%,肌肉注射途径的阳性率最高;羊群免疫疫苗主要为M5-90Δ26 和S2,其抗体阳性率分别为 78.28%和 54.49%,皮下注射和肌肉注射途径的阳性率较高.结果说明:河南省牛群布病防控和净化工作成效显著,但羊群仍存在布病偶发风险.建议着重加强对羊养殖场户尤其是小规模场户的布病防控,着重提升牛养殖场户的免疫接种水平;牛养殖场户可选用A19 或M5-90Δ26 毒株疫苗,采取肌肉注射途径进行免疫,羊养殖场户可选用M5-90Δ26或S2毒株疫苗,采取肌肉注射或皮下注射途径进行免疫.
Abstract
In order to investigate the prevalence and immunization level of bovine and ovine brucellosis in Henan Province,10 807 samples from 404 farms/households were collected for laboratory test in 2023,and the results were statistically analyzed according to the species of animals,types of vaccines and immunization methods.The results showed that,for 229 farms/populations without vaccination,the positive rates of farm/population and individual on cattle farms/households were 0,but 2.00%and 0.24%on sheep intensive farms,respectively,and 3.13%and 3.44%on sheep smallholder farms,respectively.For 175 farms/populations with vaccination,the antibody positive rates were 55.75%and 48.43%on cattle intensive farms and smallholder farms,respectively,but 81.11%and 58.14%on sheep intensive farms and smallholder farms,respectively.Cattle were mainly vaccinated with A19,M5-90Δ26 and S2 vaccines,with antibody positive rates of 63.43%,40.00%and 21.11%,respectively,and the positive rate obtained through intramuscular injection was the highest;while sheep were mainly vaccinated with M5-90Δ26 and S2 vaccines,with antibody positive rates of 78.28%and 54.49%,respectively,and the positive rates obtained through subcutaneous and intramuscular injection were higher.In conclusion,brucellosis was effectively prevented,controlled and purified in cattle in Henan Province,but there was still a risk of occasional outbreak in sheep,indicating that the disease should be further prevented and controlled on sheep farms/households,especially those with small scale,the level of immunization on cattle farms/households should be improved,where A19 or M5-90Δ26 vaccines might be used through intramuscular injection,while M5-90Δ26 or S2 vaccines might be injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously on sheep farms/households.
维普
万方数据