The participatory crime in the specific provisions of the Criminal Law of China is a crime that takes participation behavior as the type of implementation behavior.It separately defines participation behavior in joint crimes as a type of crime,and it is also the result of the criminal law separately defining preparatory behavior as a crime.Compared to the participatory crimes stipulated in foreign criminal laws,China's criminal law adopts a more scientific approach of treating participation in different types of illegal organizations differently in the general and specific provisions.In the face of the two tendencies of expansion and restriction in the identification of participatory crimes in judicial practice,when judging participatory behavior,we should adhere to the three standards of dependence,obedience,and independent evaluation and focus on identifying the three typical forms of participatory behavior:simple joining behavior;'participation'characterized by the implementation of specific illegal and criminal acts on the surface;'participation'characterized by providing assistance to illegal organizations on the surface.