Study on the correlation between dietary pattern during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Objective To explore the relationship between dietary pattern during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),provide a basis for nutritional guidance during pregnancy.Methods A case-control study was conducted,536 pregnant women establishing health records in Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center from November 2017 to June 2019 were selected.Dietary survey was carried out by food frequency questionnaire and food image.Principal component analysis was used to analyze dietary pattern,and logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of dietary patterns on GDM.Results A total of 7 dietary pat-terns were analyzed.Oil salt dietary pattern(OR=2.509,95％CI:1.420-4.433),nut milk dietary pattern(OR=1.927,95％CI:1.079-3.441),cooked wheaten food vegetables dietary pattern(OR=1.944,95％CI:1.099-3.440),and cereals and potatoes dietary pattern(OR=2.411,95％CI:1.359-4.278)were all risk factors for GDM,and the incidence rate of GDM increased at Q4 level compared with the low segmentation levels(P＜0.05).High-quality protein dietary pattern(OR=0.591,95％CI:0.339-1.032)was a protective factor for GDM,and the incidence rate of GDM decreased compared with Q1 level(P＜0.05).There was no correlation between livestock and poultry meat dietary pattern,animal innards dietary pattern and risk of GDM(P＞0.05).Conclusion Dietary pattern may affect onset of GDM,dietary intervention and guidance should be carried out from the point of dietary pattern for pregnant women to achieve precise nutri-tional prevention on GDM.
Dietary patternGestational diabetes mellitusPrincipal component analysisRisk of occurrence
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NSTL
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