The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),continues to spread worldwide.SARS-CoV-2 is prone to mutation,resulting in variants with increased transmissibility,pathogenicity,and immune escape capabilities,posing a significant global threat.To effectively monitor new coronavirus infections,it is necessary to develop diverse detection technologies that are accurate,sensitive,or field-usable for variant identification.This article describes the principles of nucleic acid amplification-based detection techniques for SARS-CoV-2 variants and their applications variant identification and differentiation.It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and provides a reference for the accurate identification and efficient detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants.