To investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and analyze the influencing factors among residents aged 30-40 years old in Wuwei City,China,2022-2023.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to take the three counties and one district of Wuwei City as the investigation sites,and 1 200 30-40 years old permanent residents of Wuwei City in 2022-2023 were selected as the study subjects,who were subjected to questionnaire surveys,physical examinations,and laboratory tests.Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors influencing the prevalence of diabetes in 30-40 years old residents.Results The study subjects were categorized into diabetic and non-diabetic groups based on the presence of diabetes mellitus;156 cases(13.00%)in the diabetic group and 1 044(87.00%)in the non-diabetic group.The independent risk factors for the development of diabetes mellitus in the study population were high age,low education,unmarried,history of smoking,sedentary lifestyle and high systolic blood pres-sure,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in 30-40 years old residents of Wuwei City is higher in males,and preventive interventions can be implemented for local residents according to the influencing factors to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus.