Microvascular free flap reconstruction was a routine option for the coverage of a variety of tissue defects.The development of perforator flaps has greatly benefited from recent advances in imaging techniques.Preoperative mapping reduced both procedure duration and morbidity.The digital technology for preoperative design can achieve precise and personalized soft tissue repair.Virtual reality was one of the fast-developing technologies that allow the three-dimensional visualization of digital information,and this technology has the potential to assist the plastic surgeon in operating more accurately,safely,and fast.Accurate monitoring of laser speckle and laser Doppler perfusion imaging in the postoperative period was a crucial part of successful flap surgery allowing early detection of vascular compromise and prompt intervention in flap salvaging.The new robot designed specifically for microsurgery may reduce human tremor and thus enhance precision.Intelligence and digitalization are the necessary trend of flap surgery in the coming future.
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