Study on the correlation between posterior tibial slope and athletic anterior and posterior cruciate ligament injury
Objective To find out if there is any difference in posterior tibial slope(PTS)among patients with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury,patients with posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)and patients without knee ligament injury.And to explore the threshold of PTS which is likely to cause ACL injury and PCL injury.Methods A retrospective study was performed on the patients who were admitted to our hospital from January,2018 to June,2023.There were 34 patients with PCL injury(27 males and 7 females),53 patients with ACL injury(43 males and 10 females)and 51 patients without knee ligament injury as control(41 males and 10 females).The medial and lateral posterior tibial slope(MPTS/LPTS)was measured in sagittal MRI image,and the differences in posterior tibial slope were compared among groups.The thresholds of PTS were calculated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results MPTS(7.75±2.58)° and LPTS(8.38±2.94)° in the ACL injury group were higher than those in the control group[(5.71±2.27)°,(5.03±3.51)°,P<0.05];the MPTS in the PCL injury group(3.94±2.67)° and LPTS(2.07±2.40)° were both smaller than the control group(P<0.05);the difference was statistically significant.By the ROC curve,the cut off values of PTS of the ACL injury group and control group were 6.15°(MPTS)and 5.73°(LPTS);the cut off value of the PTS of the PCL injury group and the control group was 4.00°(MPTS)and 3.30°(LPTS).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that MPTS<4.00°[OR=7.544,P=0.003]and LPTS<3.30°[OR=6.255,P=0.003]were independent risk factors for PCL injury;MPTS>6.15°[OR=4.405,P=0.014]and LPTS>5.85°[OR=10.284,P<0.001]were independent risk factors for ACL injury.Conclusions The medial and lateral posterior tibial slope is related to ACL and PCL injuries.Excessive PTS is a risk factor for ACL injury,while small PTS is a risk factor for PCL injury.4.00°<MPTS<6.15° and 3.30°<LPTS<5.73° may be the range of PTS with less risk of anterior and posterior cruciate ligament injury.
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