In this study,zebrafish served as a model organism to meticulously investigate the toxicological effects of azithromycin(AZM)on larval development during acute exposure.Our research delineated several distinct pathological changes in the larvae,including spinal curvature,incomplete swim bladder development,and the formation of yolk cysts.Notably,profound neurological impacts were also observed,characterized by a significant reduction in the number of neurons within the zebrafish brain,diminished AChE activity,and disruptions in light-dark rhythms.Further investigation using the PharmMapper website identified potential AZM target genes.Subsequent GO and KEGG enrichment analysis unveiled the potential influence of AZM on zebrafish vascular and immune systems.Experimental validation substantiated these predictions,demonstrating that AZM exposure induces abnormal vascular branching and dysfunction in the immune system of zebrafish larvae.
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