A review of microbial mercury methylation in domestic waste landfills
The management of methylmercury pollution within landfill environments is currently a hot topic in the field of environmental science.This manuscript endeavors to assimilate and scrutinize the corpus of extant research pertaining to mercury contamination and its methylation processes within landfill contexts.The spatial disposition of mercury and methylmercury within landfills is analyzed,and material balance calculations are performed for mercury in landfills.Furthermore,this study delineates the principal microbial taxa implicated in landfill mercury methylation and elucidates the underlying mechanisms thereof.Concurrently,an investigation about the factors influencing microbial mercury methylation is conducted,leveraging the unique biochemical properties inherent to landfill ecosystems.Building upon this foundation,future research directions for methylmercury in landfills are outlined,providing new insights for the risk management and control of mercury pollution in landfills.Existing studies have mainly focused on the characterization of total mercury and methylmercury levels in landfill waste and leachate,distribution characteristics,and their correlation with environmental factors.However,there is limited research on the microbial diversity responsible for mercury methylation and its dominant methylation mechanisms in landfills.To further control the risk of methylmercury pollution in landfills,it is necessary to address both mechanistic research and engineering practices.By elucidating the mechanisms of microbial mercury methylation in landfills,preventive and inhibitory measures can be implemented effectively.
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