基于2021年4月～2022年12月上海中心大厦(上海站)的CO2浓度观测记录,研究了上海大气CO2浓度特征和影响因素,重点分析台风"烟花"登陆期、春节期间和COVID-19 疫情封控期的CO2浓度差异.结果表明:上海站大气CO2日变化特征均呈现双峰型(11:00LT和 17:00LT),与当地人为活动高峰时段对应.工作日 CO2 浓度高于周末,浓度差异主要出现在 03:00～05:00LT 以及早高峰时刻.在 4～9 月,大气 CO2 浓度较低,最低值出现在 7 月((423.42±0.05)×10-6),最高值出现在 12 月((445.94±0.27)×10-6).台风"烟花"登陆期间,由于降水和强局地风的影响,大气 CO2 浓度被稀释.春节和疫情封控期间,人为活动影响的减弱显著降低了大气 CO2 浓度.地面风分析,后向轨迹聚类和潜在源贡献函数(WPSCF)分析表明,来自海洋方向的气团对上海城区大气CO2浓度有稀释作用,上海站西部的安徽,江苏,湖北和浙江等地区的城市交通及工业等人为排放对上海上空大气CO2有明显影响.
Analyze of characteristics and potential source of atmospheric CO2 concentration in the context of COVID-19 at the Shanghai station
Based on the atmospheric CO2 records in the Shanghai Tower station(SH station)from April 2021 to December 2022,this study focused on the characteristics of atmospheric CO2 concentration and emission sources in Shanghai,and analyzed the differences in CO2 concentration during the landfall of Typhoon"In-Fa",the Chinese New Year,and the lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic.The results showed:the diurnal variation of CO in the atmosphere at the SH station had a distinct bimodal pattern(11:00 LT and 17:00 LT),corresponded to the peak times of local human activities.The CO2 concentration on weekdays was higher than that on weekends,and the concentration difference mainly appeared at 03:00～05:00LT and traffic rush hours.The CO2 concentration remained low from April to September,with the lowest value in July((423.42±0.05)×10-6)and the highest value in December((445.94±0.27)×10-6).During the landing of Typhoon"In-Fa",the atmospheric CO2 concentration was diluted by the combined action of precipitation leaching and strong local wind.During the Chinese Spring Festival and the COVID-19 lockdown,anthropogenic activities plummeted and traffic was restricted during the lockdown,that significantly reduced the atmospheric CO2 concentration.Backward trajectory clustering and weighted potential source contribution function(WPSCF)analysis indicated that the air masses from the ocean diluted the CO2 concentration at the SH station,and the anthropogenic emissions from urban traffic and industry in Anhui,Jiangsu,Hubei and Zhejiang regions to the west of the SH station were the primary potential sources for the atmospheric CO2 at the SH station.
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