Research progress on suitable groundwater depth towards sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources
The sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources attempts to satisfy the water demands of human society while securing the ecological and environmental functions of groundwater;the key challenge lies in the identification of the appropriate groundwater burial depth(suitable groundwater depth).In this study,the impacts of changes in groundwater depth on the surface ecological environment from regional to micro scales are reviewed and summarized,and the primary role of the groundwater depth in facilitating the ecological and environmental effects of groundwater is highlighted.The main factors affecting the determination of suitable groundwater depth are identified as the surface vegetation growth,crop growth and yield,soil salinization,land subsidence,and seawater intrusion.Field surveys,remote sensing inversion and stable isotope composition analysis techniques are commonly employed.It is claimed that the ecological and environmental functions of groundwater were primarily studied on arid areas,with progress in non-arid areas advancing more slowly.A method for determining suitable groundwater depth for the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources is then proposed,based on the natural geographical and hydrogeological conditions of the study area,as well as the main ecological and environmental issues;a set of regional-scale control indicators for the suitable groundwater depth is established.Finally,combined with the regional ecological environmental protection objectives,the suitable groundwater depth range and thresholds are comprehensively determined through selection and overlay calculation of indicators.At present,there are many researches on the spatial distribution of suitable groundwater depth.However,research into their temporal distribution patterns remains relatively weak,representing one of the significant future directions for studies on suitable groundwater depth.
groundwatersuitable groundwater depthsustainable development of groundwater resourcesecological hydrology
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