采用工业化试验对水煤浆气化炉协同处理蒽醌染料、精馏残渣、废活性炭、废有机溶剂等多源有机废物过程中多环芳烃(PAHs)和二噁英(PCDD/Fs)的排放特征进行研究.结果表明,协同处理有机废物不会对水煤浆气化炉的气化压力、气化温度和小时产气量产生显著影响,但合成气中 CO 和 CO2 的气体体积分数较空白工况有所变化,CO的气体体积分数由 40.9%下降至 31.5%,而CO2气体体积分数则由 23.4%增加至 31.0%,主要原因可能是有机废物的引入使得气化炉燃烧更充分;协同工况下气态排放物中PAHs和PCDD/Fs分别以萘和低氯代同系物为主,其中PAHs和PCDD/Fs的总毒性当量分别在0.12-0.49ng-TEQ/m3和1.22-3.82pg-TEQ/m3之间,较空白工况下PAHs(0.06-0.11ng-TEQ/m3)和PCDD/Fs(1.34-2.97ng-TEQ/m3)的总毒性当量无明显增加,且仍远低于相关标准限值;协同工况下固态样品中 PAHs 和 PCDD/Fs 分别以低、中环和低氯代同系物为主,硫磺(0.49ng-TEQ/kg)和炭黑(0.37ng-TEQ/kg)的PAHs总毒性当量,以及碳酸氢铵(8.3pg-TEQ/kg)的PCDD/Fs总毒性当量分别高于其他固态样品的PAHs和PCDD/Fs总毒性当量.协同工况下固态样品中PAHs和PCDD/Fs的总毒性当量较空白工况均无明显增加,环境风险可控.
Release characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins during co-processing multi-source organic wastes in a coal-water slurry gasifier
Field studies were conducted to investigate the release characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and dioxins(PCDD/Fs)during the co-processing of anthraquinone dye,distillation residue,waste activated carbon and waste organic solvents in a coal water slurry gasifier.Results indicate that co-processing organic wastes showed minimal impact on gasification parameters but altered the gas composition of CO and CO2 in syngas,in which the gas composition of CO decreased from 40.9%to 31.5%,while the gas composition of CO2 increased from 23.4%to 31.0%.The reason may attribute to the enhanced combustion facilitated by the addition of organic wastes.Naphthalene and low-chlorinated PCDD/Fs were predominant in the gaseous samples under blank and co-processing condition.Under co-processing condition,the TEQ levels of PAHs and PCDD/Fs are in the range of 0.12-0.49ng-TEQ/m3 and 1.22～3.82pg-TEQ/m3,respectively,which showed marginal increases compared to the blank conditions(0.06～0.11ng-TEQ/m3 for PAHs and 1.34～2.97ng-TEQ/m3 for PCDD/Fs),and also well below the relevant standard limits.Under co-processing condition,PAHs and PCDD/Fs in solid samples are predominantly low,medium-ring and low-chlorinated congeners.The TEQ levels of PAHs,including sulfur(0.49ng-TEQ/kg)and carbon black(0.37ng-TEQ/kg),as well as the TEQ levels of PCDD/Fs,including ammonium bicarbonate(8.3pg-TEQ/kg),are higher than those of other solid samples.Moreover,the TEQ levels of PAHs and PCDD/Fs does not significantly increase compared to blank condition,indicating lower environmental risk.
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