Characteristics of soil microbial communities in typical temperate glacial debris and Retreat Zones:A case study of the Azha and Midui Glaciers
This study investigates the characteristics of soil microbial communities and the impact of soil chemical properties in the glacier moraine and retreat zones of the Azha and Midui Glaciers in southeastern Tibet,using bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and fungal ITS sequencing technologies.The results show that a total of 38bacterial phyla were found in the soil of both glacier moraine and retreat zones,with Proteobacteria(40%),Actinobacteriota(23%),and Bacteroidota(14%)being the dominant groups.Seven fungal phyla were identified,with Basidiomycota(47%)and Ascomycota(45%)being the dominant groups.Significant differences were observed in the abundance of Patescibacteria,RCP2-54,Bacteroidota,Gemmatimonadota,and Acidobacteriota between the moraine soils of Azha and Midui Glaciers.Significant differences in microbial community structure and abundance were found between the moraine and retreat zone soils of the Midui Glacier(P<0.05),while no significant differences were observed among the three successional stages within the retreat zone.Microbial communities adapted to extreme environments were most abundant in the moraine,while the abundance and diversity of microbial communities involved in plant colonization or symbiosis with plants significantly increased with succession.The α-diversity of microbial communities increased,and the NMDS model gradually approached overlap,indicating that community structure tended to stabilize in the late stages of vegetation succession.Nutrient content,except for total potassium,was low in both glacier moraine soils.As vegetation succession progressed,soil pH gradually decreased while nutrients gradually increased,with the late succession stage showing significantly higher nutrient levels than the earlier stages.Microbial communities in the moraine soils were significantly positively correlated with pH and total potassium(P<0.05),whereas in the retreat zone soils,they were significantly positively correlated with available potassium,nitrate nitrogen,total phosphorus,and soluble organic carbon(P<0.05),with phosphorus limitation being predominant.
temperate glaciersdebrisretreat areabacteriafungisoil chemical properties
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