Institutionalized Construction of Inter-Regional Emergency Information Sharing Mechanism
The cross-regional spread of emergencies has become one of the essential features of risky crises in mod-ern society,and emergency information is a key variable in the transformation of national emergency governance. In-ter-regional emergency information sharing belongs to government data sharing in an extraordinary context,with the goal of inter-regional emergency response coordination and the essence of public resource sharing. The legal basis for emergency information sharing includes not only the general norms of open sharing of government data,but also the norms of emergency response governance. The objective needs of inter-regional emergency response governance have driven the practice of sharing emergency information among local governments. Currently,many regions have carried out certain institutional explorations for inter-regional emergency information sharing,but these practices face the following practical dilemmas:firstly,the problem of emergency information barriers is prominent,and in-formation collection and processing is fragmented;secondly,the normative nature of emergency information sharing agreements is insufficient;lastly,the concept of emergency information sharing lacks,and the motivation for sharing is insufficient. According to transaction cost theory,the root cause of the above problems is the high transac-tion cost of emergency information sharing,i. e.,the lack of institutional arrangements to reduce the transaction cost,which is mainly manifested in the lack of clear authority for emergency information sharing,the lack of sound sharing rules and the lagging behind of the coordination mechanism. Emergency governance requires clear general rules and comprehensive legitimacy guarantee. The essence of emergency information sharing is the allocation of such special resources as emergency information,which must be provided by the law as a distribution tool to ensure the legitimacy and effectiveness of emergency information sharing. Firstly,it is clear that the local government is the main body of the inter-regional emergency information sharing mechanism. The main body of inter-regional emergen-cy information sharing should include two conditions:on the one hand,the inter-regional proliferation of emergen-cies is a necessary condition for sharing inter-regional emergency information;on the other hand,the local govern-ment has spatial adjacency or is related to the emergencies. Secondly,the legal competence of local governments in emergency governance of emergencies constitutes the logical premise of their information sharing,and the informa-tion sharing mechanism should clarify their information sharing competence and elevate the obligation of information sharing in specific circumstances to a mandatory duty other than voluntarily. In addition,the institutional rules should not only strengthen the local government' s authority to share information on emergencies,but also clarify the local government' s legal responsibility,while establishing a fault-tolerance mechanism for emergency governance through inclusive governance. Thirdly,the scope of inter-regional emergency information sharing should be clarified,the content of inter-regional emergency information sharing should be standardized,and a negative list system should be established. Fourthly,the equality between the subjects of inter-regional emergency information sharing determines the weak constraints of the mechanism,and it is crucial to build a flexible and efficient opera-tion system. The inter-regional emergency information sharing mechanism is inevitably an institutionalized mecha-nism,which requires the formation of a set of standardized system in terms of implementation mechanism,coordina-tion mechanism and incentive mechanism.
emergency information sharingregional emergency integrationinter-regional emergency synergyinterregional cooperation
万方数据
维普
