Abstract
Manganese oxides(MnOx),as low-toxicity and high-abundance catalysts,have been demonstrated to hold great promise for application in advanced oxidation processes(AOPs).However,further application of this material is restricted due to its unsatisfactory oxidant activation efficiency.Fortunately,recently re-markable research on deep activation mechanisms and modification of MnOx have been undertaken to improve its reactivity.Herein,modification enhancement mechanisms of MnOx to efficiently degrade var-ious organic contaminants were discussed and highlighted,including metal doping,coupling with other metal oxides,composite with carbonaceous material,and compounding with other support.The activa-tion mechanisms of different MnOx and derivative-modified material(such as doped MnOx,metal oxide-MnOx hybrids,and MnOx-carbonaceous material hybrids)were summarized in great details,which was specifically categorized into both radical and non-radical pathways.The effects of pH,inorganic ions,and natural organic matter on degradation reactions are also discussed.Finally,future research directions and perspectives are presented to provide a clear interpretation on the MnOx initiated AOPs.
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