Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common and harmful microvascular complications of diabetes.In recent years,it has become a leading cause of end-stage renal disease due to its high incidence rate,challenging control,and poor prognosis.Studies have revealed that patients with diabetic nephropathy often exhibit imbalanced levels of sex hormones such as testosterone,dehydroepiandrosterone,estradiol,sex hormone binding globulin,and gonadotropin.Conversely,the imbalance of sex hormones can also influence the progression of diabetic nephropathy.Therefore,clarifying the potential relationship and interaction between sex hormones and diabetic nephropathy is essential for effective prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.This warrants further research and consideration.
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