Impacts of Flood/Drought in North China on the Implementation of Migration Policies in Northeast China during 1644-1850
In this paper,the formulation,implementation and adjustment of migration policy in Northeast China in the early and middle Qing dynasty(1644-1850)have been summarized and compared with the annual intensity sequence of flood/drought in North China in the same period.Combined with the records on refugee migration,population growth and administrative divisions kept in historical literature,the changes of policies and implementation in different periods have been analyzed,and the impacts of extreme floods and droughts in North China on policy,by driving refugee migration,have been discussed.It's found that natural disasters had always been a key variable.The impacts exist not only in the daily implementation of policy,for example,the ban against crossing the Great Wall to Northeast China was usually lifted after disasters,but also in many important events,such as the enactment and repeal of the Regulations for Migrants and Reclamation in Liaodong in early Qing,the introduction of prohibition policy for Northeast China in 1740 and subsequent adjustment,the significant relaxation of prohibition at the turn of the 19th century,Emperor Jiaqing's reiterating prohibition and checking refugees in Northeast China since 1803.This study would benefit comprehensive assessment of the migration policies in Northeast China in the Qing dynasty,and enrich the understanding of the influencing factors in the implementation of the policy.
Early and Middle Qing DynastyNorth ChinaFloods and DroughtsNortheast ChinaMigration Policy
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
