摘要
为探讨不同消毒剂(聚维酮碘和二氧化氯)对中大规模蛋鸭场养殖污水的净化效果,试验检测消毒0 h(对照组)2 h、8 h、26 h和32 h后水体中的化学需氧量(COD)、大肠杆菌数量、细菌总数、氨氮(NH3-N)含量、pH值等指标的变化.结果显示:与对照组(0 h)相比,聚维酮碘消毒2～32 h后,COD含量、细菌总数和pH值均极显著降低(P<0.01),大肠杆菌数显著降低(P<0.05),消毒32 h后氨氮含量极显著降低(P<0.01);用二氧化氯消毒2～32 h后,细菌总数、大肠杆菌数和pH值均极显著降低(P<0.01),氨氮含量极显著增加(P<0.01).相较于聚维酮碘,用二氧化氯消毒2～32 h后,细菌总数显著降低(P<0.05),消毒8 h后,大肠杆菌数显著降低(P<0.05).与聚维酮碘相比,使用二氧化氯净化污水可明显降低饲养成本.研究表明,根据蛋鸭场的养殖成本和养殖生产中关键指标(细菌总数和大肠杆菌数量)评判,二氧化氯是更优的消毒剂选择.
Abstract
In order to explore the purification effects of different disinfectants(povidone iodine and chlorine dioxide)on wastewater from medium to large-scale egg duck farms,the changes of chemical oxygen demand(COD),number of Escherichia coli,total number of bacteria,ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N),and pH value in the water were detected after 0(control group)2,8,26 and 32 h of disinfection.The results showed that compared with the control group(after 0 h of disinfection),the COD content,total bacterial count,pH value and the number of Escherichia coli were all significantly decreased after disinfection with povidone iodine for 2 to 32 h(P<0.01),and the NH3-N content was also significantly decreased after disinfection for 32 h(P<0.05).Similarly,after disinfection with chlorine dioxide for 2 to 32 h,the total number of bacteria,the number of Escherichia coli,and pH value were all significantly decreased(P<0.01),but the NH3-N content was significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared to povidone iodine,after disinfection with chlorine dioxide for 2 to 32 h,the total number of bacteria significantly decreased,and after disinfection for 8 h(P<0.05),the number of Escherichia coli significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with povidone iodine,using chlorine dioxide to purify wastewater could significantly reduce feeding costs.The results indicated that chlorine dioxide was a more optimal disinfectant choice breeding cost of laying duck farms and key indicators in breeding production(total number of bacteria and Escherichia coli).
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