Analysis of etiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in children
Objective An in-depth discussion on the etiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in children was conducted in order to provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods 375 cases of infectious diarrhea in children admitted to our hospital were subjected to pathogen isolation,culture and identification.The epidemiological characteristics,serotyping of Salmonella and its sensitivity to antibiotics were analyzed.The severity of diarrhea and the distribution characteristics of gender and age were compared between children with bacterial infection and those with viral infection.Results Among the 375 children with infectious diarrhea,bacterial infection accounted for 56.53％(212 cases),and viral infection accounted for 43.47％(163 cases).Among bacterial infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were Salmonella(50.94％),diarrheogenic Escherichia coli(36.32％),etc.;among viral infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were rotavirus(35.58％),norovirus(31.90％),etc.9 serotypes were detected in 108 strains of Salmonella.Salmonella typhimurium,Salmonella enteritidis,and Salmonella typhi had the highest proportions,which were 53.7％,24.07％,and 9.26％respectively.Salmonella london,Salmonella stanley,Salmonella bovismorbificans,Salmonella derby,Salmonella infantis,and Salmonella newport had relatively low proportions.Salmonella had a high resistance rate to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole,and a low resistance rate to cefepime,levofloxacin and amikacin.There was no resistance to meropenem and imipenem.For children with bacterial infections,the average number of days of diarrhea was(6.95±3.07)days,the average number of times of diarrhea was(8.63±2.91)times.Mild dehydration accounted for 10.38％(22/212),moderate dehydration accounted for 4.72％(10/212),severe dehydration accounted for 3.77％(8/212),and systemic symptoms accounted for 88.21％(187/212).For children with viral infections,the average number of days of diarrhea was(4.88±2.72)days,the average number of times of diarrhea was(6.38±2.85)times.Mild dehydration accounted for 26.38％(43/163),moderate dehydration accounted for 18.4％(30/163),severe dehydration accounted for 2.45％(4/163),and systemic symptoms accounted for 60.12％(98/163).The differences in the number of days of diarrhea,the number of times of diarrhea,the proportion of cases with dehydration and the proportion of cases with systemic symptoms between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Among children with bacterial infections,males accounted for 57.08％and females accounted for 42.92％.Among children with viral infections,males accounted for 60.12％and females accounted for 39.88％.There was no significant difference in gender between the two groups.Among children with bacterial infections,those aged 0-6 months accounted for 23.11％,those aged 6-12 months accounted for 37.74％,and the proportions in other age groups were relatively low.Among children with viral infections,those aged 0-6 months accounted for 39.88％,those aged 6-12 months accounted for 20.25％,and the proportions in other age groups were relatively low.There were significant differences in the proportions of children aged 0-6 months and 6-12 months between the two groups,but there was no significant difference in other age groups.Conclusion In children with infectious diarrhea,the pathogens were mainly bacteria and viruses.Among bacterial infections,Salmonella was the main pathogen.In viral infections,rotavirus and norovirus were the main pathogens.The main serotype of Salmonella was Salmonella typhimurium.There were certain differences in the resistance of Salmonella to different antibiotics.There was a significant difference in the severity of diarrhea caused by bacterial and viral infections.The diarrhea caused by bacterial infections was relatively more severe.In addition,there was little difference in gender distribution between the two groups.However,in terms of age distribution,bacterial infections were more concentrated in infants older than 6 to 12 months,while viral infections were more common in small infants aged 0 to 6 months.
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