Research progress on the epidemic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),with early symptoms often being overlooked.The rapid mutation rate of HIV presents numerous challenges to its prevention and treatment.This paper introduces the pathogenic mechanisms of HIV,including its invasion and replication processes within immune cells,high variability,and its relationship with the host's immune response.It also analyzes the epidemiological patterns of HIV across different regions and populations globally,as well as the current situation in China.The paper discusses high-risk groups,such as sex workers,men who have sex with men(MSM),and injecting drug users,who are more vulnerable due to specific lifestyle behaviors and social environments.To address the global disparities in HIV prevalence,it is essential to strengthen international cooperation and adopt targeted strategies,including enhancing sex education,promoting safe sexual behaviors,controlling mother-to-child transmission,and eliminating discrimination.This paper aims to review the research progress on the epidemiological characteristics of HIV.
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