Investigation on host-feeding habits of Anopheles minimus in Yingjiang County at the China-Myanmar border
To understand the host-feeding habits of Anopheles minimus,the main malaria vector at China-Myanmar border areas,mosquitoes were captured from May to July 2021 in Nabang Town,Yingjiang County,Yunnan Province by the ultraviolet mosquito trap method.The captured mosquitoes were identified by morphology.The blood-sucking status of female mosquitoes was recorded:the female mosquitos with scarlet abdomens were regarded as blood-filled mosquitos.The genomic DNA of the mosquitoes identified as An.minimus were extracted,and the cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 gene(cox1)were amplified by PCR.The sequence comparison of the positive products was per-formed to determine the mosquito species.Subspecies identification was based on multiplex PCR amplification of the second internal transcribed spacer(ITS2)sequence of ribosomal DNA.The blood sources identification of blood-filled female mosquitos was based on multiplex PCR amplification of cytochrome b(cytb)of mitochondrial DNA.A total of 3 419 mosquitoes were captured and 303 An.minimus were identified by morphology initially.A total of 245 mosqui-toes were cox1 positive by PCR,and the sequences were over 99％identical to An.minimus(GenBank accession num-ber:GQ259177.1).ITS2 multiplex PCR amplifiication results showed that all 245 An.minimus mosquitos were type A.Cytb multiplex PCR amplification results of 20 blood-filled female mosquitos showed that the blood sources of 4 mos-quitos were from humans,14 were from pigs and 2 were from cows.The human,pig,and cow blood index were 0.2(4/20),0.7(14/20)and 0.1(2/20),respectively.This study showed that the dominant Anopheles population in Yingjiang County,Yunnan Province were An.minimus,whose subspecies types were all type A.Their preferred host includes both animals and humans.The risk of malaria transmission was high.
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