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蚤亚科线粒体基因组研究进展

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蚤亚科(Pulicinae)隶属于蚤目(Siphonaptera)蚤总科(Pulicoidea)蚤科(Pulicidae),是啮齿动物和猫犬常见的嗜血性体外寄生虫.已测定的蚤亚科共3属5种(猫栉首蚤、犬栉首蚤、东洋栉首蚤、印鼠客蚤和人蚤),其线粒体基因组的结构特征和变异情况具有以下特点:线粒体基因组保留了节肢动物典型的排列模式,未发生基因缺失、增加和重排现象;AT含量较高,且AT-偏斜和GC-偏斜均为负值,与大多数全变态类昆虫一样,密码子使用度具有明显的偏好性;人蚤的丝氨酸转运RNA(trnS1)呈典型的三叶草结构,其余物种与后生动物一样trnS1缺失D-臂,且5种蚤亚科物种的trnS1以UCU为反密码子代替了常见的GCU;蚤亚科控制区偏大,最大可达7 kb以上,主要以二核苷酸重复为主,NADH脱氢酶亚基4(nad4)~nad4L之间存在7 bp的保守重叠区,与多数全变态类昆虫一致.本文以期对今后蚤亚科在全变态类昆虫中的演化提供参考.
Research advances on Pulicinae mitochondrial genomes
Pulicinae belongs to Siphonaptera,Pulicoidea,Pulicidae,are common haematophagous ectoparasites in rodents,cats and dogs.A total of 3 genera and 5 species(Ctenocephalides felis,C.canis,C.orientis,Xenopsylla cheopis and Pulex irritans)have been determined.The structural characteristics and polymorphisms of the mitogenome have the following characteristics:the mitogenome retains the typical arrangement of the arthropod ancestor without gene deletions,additions,or rearrangements;higher AT content and both AT-skewness and GC-skewness were negative.The preferred codon usage is similar to most holometabolous insects.The tRNA-Ser(trnS1)gene of P.irritans shows a typical cloverleaf structure,and the other species have the same trnS1 but lacks the D-arm with the metazoan ani-mals.The trnS1 of 5 species within the Pulicinae subfamily replaced the common GCU with UCU as the anticodon.The control region of the Pulicinae subfamily is relatively large with up to more than 7 kb in length and are mainly dinucleotide repeats.Similar to most holometabolous insects,there is a 7 bp conserved overlapping region between NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4(nad4)and nad4L.This article aims to provide reference for the evolution of the flea subfamily in holometamorphosis insects in the future.

PulicinaeMitochondrial genomePhylogeneticMolecular evolution

林小霞、董文鸽

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大理大学病原与媒介生物研究所,云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室,云南大理 671000

蚤亚科 线粒体基因组 系统发育 分子进化

国家自然科学基金

32260152

2024

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志
中华预防医学会,中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.155
ISSN:1000-7423
年,卷(期):2024.42(3)