目的 探讨球类身体活动干预对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童基本动作技能和执行功能的效果.方法 2023年9月,从上海市两所普通公立小学招募28例6～12岁的ADHD儿童,分为对照组(n = 12)和试验组(n = 16),同时选取同年龄段健康儿童作为健康对照组(n = 14).对照组和健康对照组进行常规体育活动,试验组采用球类身体活动方案进行干预,共8周.干预前后,采用粗大运动发展评估量表第3版(TGMD-3)对所有被试的基本动作技能得分(位移得分、控制得分)进行评估;分别采用n-back任务、Stroop色词测验和Task switching任务测量被试者执行功能3个子功能,即工作记忆、抑制控制和认知灵活性.结果 干预后,试验组TGMD-3总分(t =-14.867,P<0.001,Cohen d = 3.72)、位移技能得分(t =-8.081,P<0.001,Cohen d = 2.02)和控制技能得分(t =-7.290,P<0.001,Cohen d =1.82)均高于干预前;试验组1-back反应时(t = 3.009,P = 0.009,Cohen d = 0.02),Task switching任务中正确率(t =-2.657,P = 0.018,Cohen d = 0.66)和反应时(t=-2.657,P = 0.025,Cohen d = 0.62)优于干预前.结论 球类身体活动干预后可以改善ADHD儿童的基本动作技能水平和执行功能.
Effect of ball-based physical activity on basic motor skills and executive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Objective To investigate the effect of ball-based physical activity intervention on basic motor skills and executive func-tion in children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder(ADHD).Methods In September,2023,28 ADHD children aged six to twelve years were recruited from two general public ele-mentary school in Shanghai,and were randomly divided into control group(n = 12)and experimental group(n = 16),while healthy children of the same age group were selected as healthy control group(n = 14).The experi-mental group was intervened with a ball physical activity program,while the control and healthy control groups performed regular physical activities,for eight weeks.Before and after intervention,the basic motor skill scores(displacement score,control score)of all participants were assessed using Test of Gross Motor Development-3(TGMD-3);three subfunctions of the subjects'executive functioning,including inhibitory control,working mem-ory and cognitive flexibility,were measured using the n-back task,Stroop Color-word Test and the Task switch-ing task,respectively.Results After intervention,the total score of TGMD-3(t =-14.867,P<0.001,Cohen d = 3.72),and scores of displace-ment skills(t =-8.081,P<0.001,Cohen d = 2.02)and control-like skills(t =-7.290,P<0.001,Cohen d = 1.82)increased in the experimental group;the response time of the 1-back task(t = 3.009,P = 0.009,Cohen d = 0.02),and the accuracy(t =-2.657,P = 0.018,Cohen d = 0.66)and response time(t =-2.657,P = 0.025,Cohen d = 0.62)of the Task switching task improved in the experimental group.Conclusion Ball-based physical activity intervention could improve the basic motor skill level and executive function of children with ADHD.
attention deficit and hyperactivity disorderball physical activitybasic motor skillexecutive function
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
