摘要
目的 根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类(儿童青少年版)》(ICF-CY)的理论与方法,建立孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童身体活动的范畴和结构,系统评价长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的影响.方法 检索万方数据库、中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science和ProQuest等数据库,收集2014年至2023年公开发表的身体活动与ASD儿童执行功能相关的文献,根据文献的纳入和排除标准纳入文献,采用PRISMA指南对纳入文献进行系统综述,采用物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表对文献质量进行评价.结果 最终纳入10篇文献,包括9项随机对照试验和1项非随机对照试验,共351例ASD儿童,年龄3～18岁;来自意大利、加拿大、韩国、中国、美国5个国家;发表时间集中在2016年之后.ASD儿童的身体活动主要包括运动项目类活动(如棒球、篮球、乒乓球、马术辅助活动)、技能类活动(如自行车、认知运动训练、运动式游戏)、体能类活动(SPARK),以及格斗类项目(格斗和空手道).干预频率每次30～70 min,以每次45 min居多;每周1～5次,以每周2次居多;持续2～24周,以12周居多.长期身体活动可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善效果存在不一致现象.结论 长期身体活动对ASD儿童执行功能的改善具有选择性影响,可以改善ASD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性,对工作记忆的改善还存在一定分歧.
Abstract
Objective To establish the categories and structure of physical activity in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),and systematically evaluate the long-term effect of physical activity on the executive function of children with ASD,based on the theoretical and methodological framework of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health-Children and Youth version(ICF-CY).Methods A search was conducted in databases such as Wanfang data,CNKI,PubMed,Web of Science and ProQuest,to collect literatures about long-term physical activity for executive function of children with ASD published from 2014 to 2023.The literatures were reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,following PRISMA guide-lines for systematic review,and the quality of the included literatures were assessed with the Physiotherapy Evi-dence Database(PEDro)scale.Results Totally,ten articles were included,consisting of nine randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and one non-random-ized controlled trial,with a total of 351 children diagnosed as ASD,aged three to 18 years,came from Italy,Cana-da,South Korea,China and the United States,published mainly after 2016.Physical activity primarily included sports activities(such as baseball,basketball,table tennis and equine-assisted activities),skill-based activities(such as cycling,cognitive-motor training and active gaming),physical fitness activities(SPARK),as well as combat-related activities(martial arts and karate);30 to 70 minutes a time(mainly 45 minutes),one to five times a week(mainly twice a week),for two to 24 weeks(mainly twelve weeks).Long-term physical activities had been found to improve inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in children with ASD,although the effect on working memory was inconsistent.Conclusion Long-term physical activity may positively impact on executive function in children with ASD,especially inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility.However,the effect on working memory need more researches.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32371132)
北京市社会科学基金(19YTA001)
首都体育学院体育医学工程学新兴交叉学科平台研究项目(20230929)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据