目的 系统综述有关身体活动对智力与发展性残疾(IDD)儿童青少年动作技能和平衡功能效果影响的系统综述中的相关证据.方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL和中国知网中关于身体活动对IDD儿童青少年动作技能和平衡功能效果相关的系统综述.检索时限为2016年1月至2024年7月.结果 最终纳入8篇文献,来自加拿大、中国、美国和塞尔维亚,涉及3 315例IDD儿童青少年,年龄3～18岁,涵盖孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)、唐氏综合征和其他发展性障碍.纳入文献主要来源于物理治疗、儿童青少年精神病学、运动学和健康心理学等领域期刊.干预措施分为平衡训练和协调性练习、有氧运动、力量训练、运动技能训练和球类活动、结构化组合身体活动干预5类.干预方案一般为每次30～240 min,每周1～7次,持续4～32周.平衡训练和协调性练习有助于改善唐氏综合征和智力障碍儿童青少年的静态和动态平衡.有氧运动能改善ASD和注意缺陷多动障碍儿童青少年的反应时间、体能和运动技能.力量训练能提升IDD儿童青少年的肌肉力量、稳定性和运动协调能力.运动技能训练和球类活动有助于改善ASD和智力障碍儿童青少年的运动协调性和精细运动技能.结构化组合活动干预可改善ASD和智力障碍儿童青少年的平衡和协调性.结论 身体活动干预对IDD儿童的动作技能和平衡功能产生积极影响,体现在运动技能、平衡功能、肌肉力量、稳定性和运动协调能力方面.
Effect of physical activity on motor skills and balance function in children and adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities:a systematic review of systematic reviews
Objective To systematically review the evidence from systematic reviews on the effect of physical activity interventions on motor skills and balance function in children and adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities(IDD).Methods Literature was searched across databases including PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Embase,CI-NAHL and CNKI for systematic reviews on the effect of physical activity on motor skills and balance function in children and adolescents with IDD.The search period covered from January,2016 to July,2024.Results A total of eight articles were included,originating from Canada,China,the United States and Serbia,involving 3 315 children and adolescents with IDD aged three to 18 years.These studies covered conditions such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD),Down syndrome and other developmental disorders.The articles were primarily pub-lished in journals from fields such as physical therapy,child and adolescent psychiatry,kinesiology and health psychology.The interventions were categorized into five types:balance and coordination training,aerobic exer-cise,strength training,motor skills training and ball activities,and structured combination physical activity inter-ventions.Intervention programs typically lasted 30 to 240 minutes per session,one to seven sessions per week,for four to 32 weeks.Balance and coordination training improved both static and dynamic balance in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and intellectual disabilities.Aerobic exercise improved response time,physical fitness and motor skills in children and adolescents with ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disor-der.Strength training enhanced muscle strength,stability and motor coordination in children and adolescents with IDD.Motor skills training and ball activities improved motor coordination and fine motor in children and adoles-cents with ASD and intellectual disabilities.Structured combination interventions improved balance and coordi-nation in children and adolescents with ASD and intellectual disabilities.Conclusion Physical activity interventions play a positive role on motor skills and balance function in children and ado-lescents with IDD,especially in motor skills,balance function,muscle strength,stability and motor coordination.
intellectual and developmental disabilitieschildrenadolescentsphysical activitymotor skillsbalance functionsystematic review
万方数据
维普
