首页|人工智能驱动科研范式变革的机制与路径研究——以生物学为例

人工智能驱动科研范式变革的机制与路径研究——以生物学为例

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科研范式是科技创新的基本理论和方法,在数据爆炸背景下,原有的科研范式已经难以适应复杂科学问题的求解.随着人工智能技术在算法和算力基础设施上的发展,以深度学习为代表的人工智能技术为基础科学研究带来新的方法和工具.人工智能技术主要通过重塑知识生产方式、再造科研工作流程和加速交叉融合创新等路径驱动科研范式的变革.以生物学领域为例,人工智能技术在药物发现,蛋白质结构预测,传染病的预测、演变和控制等领域已有广泛应用.在数据驱动的人工智能方法辅助下,科学问题的求解由传统自下而上的路线转变为数据驱动的自上而下的思路,通过降维、近似求解,寻找与现实问题直接相关的影响因素,形成解决科学问题的新范式.
Research on the Mechanism and Path of Scientific Research Paradigm Transformation Driven by Artificial Intelligence——Taking Biology as an Example
Scientific research paradigm is the basic theory and method of scientific and technological innovation.Under the background of data explosion,the original scientific research paradigm is difficult to adapt to the solution of complex scientific problems.With the development of artificial intelligence technology in algorithm and computing power infrastructure,artificial intelligence technology repre-sented by deep learning has brought new methods and tools for basic scientific research.Artificial intelligence technology mainly drives the change of scientific research paradigm by reshaping the mode of knowledge production,reengineering the scientific research work-flow,and accelerating the cross-integration innovation.Taking the field of biology as an example,artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in drug discovery,protein structure prediction,and the prediction,evolution and control of infectious diseases.With the assistance of data-driven artificial intelligence methods,the solution of scientific problems has changed from the traditional bottom-up route to the data-driven top-down thinking.Through dimensionality reduction and approximate solution,the influencing factors di-rectly related to practical problems are found,thus forming a new paradigm for solving scientific problems.

Artificial intelligenceResearch paradigmDrug discoveryProtein structure predictionInfectious disease control

李亚玲、包芊颖、黄成凤

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之江实验室发展战略与合作中心,浙江杭州3111212

之江实验室智能社会治理实验室(浙江省哲学社会科学试点实验室),浙江杭州 311121

人工智能 科研范式 药物发现 蛋白质结构预测 传染病控制

国家重点研发计划浙江省科技厅软科学计划研究项目中共浙江省省委政法委员会浙江省法学会法学研究课题重点项目(2023)浙江省科技厅软科学计划研究项目

2022YFC33031032023C250742023NA022024C35035

2024

中国科技论坛
中国科学技术发展战略研究院

中国科技论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.081
ISSN：1002-6711
年,卷(期)：2024.(4)
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