[Purposes]The EDP Sciences in France has been piloting the Subscribe to Open(S2O)model since 2020.This article systematically explores the implementation process and results of the S2O model,aiming to provide ideas and case references for the open access transformation of academic journals.[Methods]We employed literature research,online survey,and statistical analysis to analyze the background,timeline,publishing cost,subscription revenue,and other aspects of the S2O model in detail.[Findings]The S2O program receives funding and support from institutions and funds such as the French Society for Mathematical Applications and Industry,the Joint Information Systems Committee,the Knowledge Unlatched,and the French National Fund for Open Science.According to the transparency report released by the EDP Sciences,the subscription revenue of three S2O journals increases and that of three journals remains stable in 2022 compared with 2020.The data suggest that all the six journals piloting the S2O model in 2021 and 2022 have successfully realized open access.[Conclusions]As an alternative and revolutionary diamond open access model,S2O has been recognized by the global academic publishing community,and more and more journals and publishers are adopting this model.Open access is also the development direction of academic publishing in China,and some journal portfolios of acceptable scale have been formed.While fully surveying the willingness of subscribers,the journal portfolios well-renowned in the publishing industry can learn from the pilot experience of the EDP Sciences and try to replace article processing charge with the S2O model to reduce the economic burden on authors.
EDP SciencesS2O modelDiamond open accessAnnual ReviewsTransparency report of journal
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