戴理尔与清末海关气象观测规范
Tyler and the Chinese Maritime Customs Meteorological Observation Protocols in the Late Qing Dynasty
陈倩 1李晓岑 2董世玉3
作者信息
- 1. 山东中医药大学中医文献与文化研究院,济南 250355
- 2. 南京信息工程大学文化遗产科学认知与保护研究基地,南京 210044
- 3. 烟台市档案馆,烟台 264009
- 折叠
摘要
通过对中国近代海关档案和历史文献的梳理,认为清末英国人戴理尔在海关担任巡工司期间,对推动海关气象工作的改革有重大贡献.戴理尔的丰富航海经验和在英国海军服役经历,奠定了对气象观测的认识,他关于海关气象工作的改革建议,使海关气象工作从松散逐步走向规范.戴理尔不仅推动了海关总税务司署颁布指导气象工作的章程,还肩负海关气象观测网的标准管理,在一定程度上提高了海关气象观测记录的质量,为20世纪初期海关气象工作稳步开展奠定了基础.
Abstract
Through the combing of modern Chinese Maritime Customs archives and historical documents,it is believed that W.F.Tyler,an Englishman who served as Coast Inspector of Customs in the late Qing Dynasty,made a significant contribution to promoting the reform of customs meteorological work.Tyler's rich experience in sailing and serving in the British Navy laid the foundation for his understanding of meteorological observation,and his reform proposals on customs meteorological work made the work from loose to standardized gradually.Tyler not only pushed the Inspectorate General of Customs to promulgate instruction to guide meteorological work,but also took on the responsibility of managing the standards of the customs meteorological observation network.To a certain extent,he improved the quality of customs meteorological observation records and laid the foundation for the steady development of customs meteorological work in the early twentieth century.
关键词
戴理尔/中国海关/海关气象工作/气象规范Key words
Tyler/Chinese Maritime Customs Service/customs meteorology/meteorological protocols引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据