γ-aminobutyric acid is a classical inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system,which is synthesized byγ-aminobutyric acidergic neurons and released into the synaptic gap,where it binds to the postsynaptic membrane receptor to induce inhibitory postsynaptic potentials.In recent studies,γ-aminobutyric acid has been found to be over-accumulated in the tumour microenvironments as a result of aberrant expression of metabolic enzymes associated with theγ-aminobutyric acid metabolic pathway,and subunit composition of associated receptors or their expression are aberrant,too.γ-aminobutyric acid may enter the TCA cycle as an additional carbon source or be secreted extracellularly to bind to membrane receptors of various cells to initiate downstream signallings.γ-aminobutyric acid is found to affect the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of tumour cells and potentially regulate the tumour immune microenvironments through metabolic fuel replenishment,autocrine and paracrine effects.
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