Distribution of virulence and drug resistance genes and correlation analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Objective To clarify the distribution of virulence and drug resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinic and its relationship with antimicrobial resistance of common antibiotics.Methods From January 2016 to February 2022,158 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were collected without repetition from clinical samples of secretions and blood.Vitek2 Compact or Phoenix 100 automatic microbiological analyzer was used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis.PCR was used to detect virulence(hla、nuc、coa、pvl、sea、seb、eta、etb、tst)and drug resistance genes(mecA、mecC、aac(A)-aph(D)、aph(3')-Ⅲa)of Staphylococcus aureus and analyze their relationship with bacterial antimicrobial resistance.Results In clinical departments,Staphylococcus aureus was detected more frequently in general orthopedics(67/158,42.4％)and general surgery(29/158,18.4％).All 158 strains of Staphylococcus aureus carried hla and nuc.The detection rate of virulence gene seb in 59 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was higher than that of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA),while the detection rate of virulence gene coa in MSSA was higher than that of MRSA(P＜0.05).The resistance rate of coa+strains to oxacillin was lower than that of coa-strains,and the resistance rate to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was higher than that of coa-strains.The resistance rate of pvl+strains to erythromycin and clindamycin was higher than that of pvl-strains.The resistance rate of sea+strains to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was higher than that of sea-strains.The resistance rate of seb+strains to oxacillin was higher than that of seb-strains(P＜0.05).The resistance rate of aph(3')-Ⅲa+strains to oxacillin,erythromycin,clindamycin and tetracycline was higher than that of aph(3')-Ⅲa-strains.The resistance rate of aac(A)-aph(D)+strains to ciprofloxacin,erythromycin,rifampicin,gentamicin,levofloxacin,clindamycin,tetracycline,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was higher than that of aac(A)-aph(D)-strains(P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of MRSA in clinical isolates was high,and virulence genes and aminoglycoside resistance genes are related to bacterial antimicrobial resistance.Clinical rational drug use and strengthened monitoring should be conducted to slow down and control the spread of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,especially MRSA.
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