超卤素的结构、特性及应用研究进展
Progress in superhalogen research: Structures, properties and potential applications
李亚伟 1王前2
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学工学院材料科学与工程系,北京100871
- 2. 北京大学应用物理与技术研究中心,北京100871
- 折叠
摘要
卤族(halogen)元素,包括氟(F)、氯(C1)、溴(Br)、碘(I)和砹(At),具有高的电子亲和能(EA)与强反应活性及氧化性.它们在材料合成与改性方面的广泛应用极大地激励人们研究超卤素(superhalogen),即EA比卤素原子的EA(3.0～3.6 eV)更高的一类基团或分子.与卤素原子相比,超卤素表现出电负性更大、结构更丰富、性质更新颖等更加丰富的特征.本文总结了最近30年来人们在设计与合成新型超卤素和飙卤素(hyperhalogen)方面所取得的实验和理论研究进展,讨论了超卤素和飙卤素的电子结构和物性,展望了超卤素在开发新型磁性材料、环境净化材料、高能密度材料以及非线性光学材料等方面的应用前景.
Abstract
Halogens,including F,C1,Br,I and At,exhibit high electron affinities,superior chemical reactivity and strong oxidation properties.The extensive applications of halogens on materials synthesis and modification inspire people to explore superhalogens,which include the radicals and molecules with higher electron affinities than those of halogen atoms (EA 3.0～3.6 eV).Superhalogens display greater electronegativity,richer structural diversity as well as novel properties compared to halogens.This review summarizes the experimental and theoretical progress made in the past thirty years in rational design and synthesis of superhalogens and hyperhalogens with desirable properties.The outlook is proposed for their potential applications in novel magnetic materials,environmental cleaning materials,high energy density materials as well as non-linear optical materials.
关键词
超卤素/飙卤素/电子亲和能/密度泛函理论/光电子能谱Key words
superhalogen/hyperhalogen/electron affinity/density functional theory/photoelectron spectroscopy引用本文复制引用
基金项目
出版年
2013
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据