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有机电化学类脑仿生电子器件研究进展

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类脑计算被普遍认为是一种可以实现高算力、低功耗的全新计算范式,有望突破传统"冯·诺伊曼"架构瓶颈.近年来,受人脑独特工作模式的启发,利用新型器件构建具备存算一体功能的类脑器件获得了广泛关注.从底层出发研制具有生物突触行为的神经突触器件对于研制超低功耗"类脑芯片"和实现神经形态感知系统意义十分重大.其中,有机电化学晶体管(OECTs)作为人工突触研究中的一个新分支,因其具有更高的跨导、低驱动电压、良好的机械柔韧性和生物相容性而得到了广泛研究.在结构上,OECTs沟道与电解质直接接触,通过离子掺杂/脱掺杂的方式调节沟道电导,工作原理类似于生物系统的离子驱动过程和动力学.因此,利用OECTs开发多感知和生物兼容的类脑仿生系统是一种可行的方案.本文综述了有机电化学类脑仿生电子器件的研究进展,并且探讨了该领域目前存在的挑战和发展趋势.
Advances in organic electrochemical brain-inspired biomimetic electronic devices
Brain-inspired computing is generally considered to be a new computing paradigm that can achieve high computing power and low power consumption,and it is expected to break through the bottleneck of traditional von Neumann architecture.In recent years,inspired by the unique working mode of the human brain,the use of new devices to construct brain-like devices with in-memory computing functions has received considerable attention.The development of neural synaptic devices and systems with biological synaptic behaviors is of great significance for the development of ultra-low-power brain-like chips and the realization of neuromorphic sensing systems.Among these devices,organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs),as a new branch of artificial synapse research,have been extensively studied due to their higher transconductance,low driving voltage,good mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility.Structurally,the OECTs channel is in direct contact with the electrolyte,and the channel conductance is regulated by ionic doping/de-doping,which is similar to the ionic driving process and dynamics of biological systems.Therefore,utilizing OECTs to develop multisensory and biocompatible brain-like biomimetic systems is a feasible solution.This article discusses the research progress of organic electrochemical brain-inspired bionic electronic devices and the current challenges and development trends in this field.

organic electrochemical transistorsbrain-inspired biomimetic devicesneuromorphic devicesbrain-inspired perception and computation

徐运超、靳晨星、孙佳、阳军亮

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中南大学物理学院,超微结构与超快过程省重点实验室,长沙 410083

有机电化学晶体管 类脑仿生器件 神经形态器件 类脑感知与计算

国家重点研发计划国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金中南大学极端服役性能精密制造国家重点实验室自主课题

2022YFB38033006237528852173192ZZYJKT2023-10

2024

10.1360/SSC-2023-0258

中国科学(化学)
中国科学院

中国科学(化学)

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.685
ISSN：1674-7224
年,卷(期)：2024.54(4)
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