首页|三端晶体管的人工突触器件:材料、结构与系统

三端晶体管的人工突触器件:材料、结构与系统

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神经形态工程学旨在从硬件层面上构建人工仿生神经系统,模拟人脑独特高效的运行机制,进而实现神经形态感知和类脑计算功能.生物突触是人脑学习和记忆的基本结构与功能单元.因此,构建类生物突触结构、功能的电子器件是实现神经形态感知与计算的关键.相较于两端的阻变器件,三端突触晶体管在实现多态调控和降低能量消耗上都具有优势.此外,三端突触晶体管还可以将压力、温度等外界物理刺激转化为电信号,在采集视觉、听觉、嗅觉等信号来工作的人造感知神经系统方面有广阔的应用前景.本文综述了三端突触晶体管的材料选择、器件结构以及功能应用,并重点介绍了基于三端突触晶体管的人造视觉、听觉和嗅觉三种感知系统的最新进展.最后,总结了三端突触晶体管及其构建的人造感知系统面临的挑战,并对其未来发展进行了展望.
Three-terminal artificial synaptic devices based on transistors:materials,structures and systems
Neuromorphic engineering aims to build artificial bionic nervous systems on hardware to emulate the unique and efficient operating mechanism of the brain,implementing neuromorphic perception and brain-inspired computing.Synapses are the basic structure and functional units of learning and memory.Therefore,the construction of synapses-like electronic devices is the key to achieving neuromorphic perception and computing.Three-terminal transistor devices have advantages in realizing multi-state regulation and reducing energy consumption.In addition,the three-terminal transistor can also convert external physical stimuli such as pressure and temperature into electrical signals.It has a broad application prospect in the artificial sensory nervous system,which collects visual,auditory and olfactory signals to work.In this paper,material selection and the device structure of three-terminal synaptic transistors are reviewed,and the recent progress in artificial vision,hearing and smell perception systems based on the three-terminal synaptic transistor is introduced.Finally,we summarizes the challenges faced by the three-terminal synaptic transistor and its associated artificial sensing system while also providing a glimpse into the prospects for its future development.

three-terminal transistorbiological synapsesynaptic plasticityartificial synaptic deviceartificial sensing system

刘毅、刘甲奇、陈家欣、徐文涛

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光电子薄膜器件与技术研究所,天津市光电子薄膜器件与技术重点实验室,南开大学电子信息与光学工程学院,教育部薄膜光电子技术工程研究中心,智能传感交叉科学中心,天津 300350

南开大学深圳研究院,深圳 518000

三端晶体管 生物突触 突触可塑性 人工突触器件 人造感知系统

国家杰出青年科学基金国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作项目天津市杰出青年科学基金深圳市科技计划国家重点研发计划国家重点研发计划

T21250052022YFE019820019JCJQJC61000JCYJ202103241210020082022YFA12045002022YFA1204504

2024

10.1360/SSC-2024-0031

中国科学(化学)
中国科学院

中国科学(化学)

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.685
ISSN：1674-7224
年,卷(期)：2024.54(4)
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