Molecular machines are micro-scale devices constructed from molecules that can perform mechanical movements at the molecular level similar to those of macroscopic machines when subjected to appropriate stimuli such as light,temperature,pH or electromagnetic fields.However,the research on molecular machines is still facing many technical challenges,including how to precisely control the movement of molecular machines and build large-scale molecular machine systems.As a promising molecular self-assembly approach,DNA nanotechnology can be used to construct complex stimuli-responsive nanomachines and precisely control their movement at the molecular scale.In this review,we introduced the assembly principles of DNA nanotechnology in brief,reviewed nucleic acid framework molecular machines responding to different types of stimuli such as DNA strand displacement,light,heat,pH,and electric fields,and explored their applications in drug delivery,constructing three dimensional plasmonic optical devices and acting as biological molecular rulers.
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