多形态氚的环境行为及辐射评价系统研究进展
Progress on environmental behaviors and radiation assessment system of multi-form tritium
聂保杰 1陈德仪 1王亮 2郑善良 3谢锋 4李厚文 5朱月龙 5李凤臣 6王德忠1
作者信息
- 1. 上海交通大学核科学与工程学院,上海 200240
- 2. 生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 100082
- 3. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,等离子体物理研究所,合肥 230031
- 4. 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,先进核能技术协同创新中心,先进反应堆工程与安全教育部重点实验室,北京 100084
- 5. 中核核电运行管理有限公司,海盐 314300
- 6. 天津大学机械工程学院,中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室,天津 300350
- 折叠
摘要
氚是核工业发展中向环境排放的主要放射性核素之一,且随乏燃料后处理厂、聚变堆等系统的实施,涉氚量将大幅度增加,可能会对环境和公众带来一定的辐射影响.氚形态多样、环境行为复杂且易受环境因素影响,需针对性开发评价系统对环境氚水平及公众辐射剂量进行准确评价.本文系统总结了氚基本特点、不同设施涉氚特点及氚环境行为特性,论述了氚辐射环境评价系统研发现状.在我国先进核能与后处理技术蓬勃发展背景下,在多形态氚的多介质环境迁移转化规律掌握、自主化氚辐射环境评价系统开发与验证、氚辐射环境评价标准体系建立等三个方面提出了研究建议.
Abstract
Tritium is the most common radionuclide released into the environment because of the development of the nuclear industry.The amount of tritium increases substantially from the spent fuel reprocessing plant and fusion reactor,potentially posing radiation risks to the environment and public health.The environmental behaviors of multi-form tritium are extremely complex and easily influenced by external factors.An assessment system must be developed to accurately assess environmental tritium levels and the effects of radiation on the public.This study summarized tritium's basic characteristics,tritium characteristics in various facilities,and tritium environmental migration characteristics.In addition,the progress of the international tritium environmental radiation assessment systems was discussed here.Considering China's rapid development in advanced nuclear power and reprocessing technologies,research proposals were made upon three areas:migration and transformation rule of multi-form tritium in a multimedia environment,development and validation of a Chinese tritium environmental radiation assessment system,and establishment of a standard system for tritium radiation environmental assessment.
关键词
核设施/氚环境行为/氚辐射评价系统Key words
nuclear facility/tritium environmental behaviors/tritium radiation assessment system引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(11905305)
广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010035)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据