小天体着陆动力学研究进展
Recent development of landing dynamics over small celestial bodies
曾祥远 1温童歌 1李姿雯1
作者信息
- 1. 北京理工大学自动化学院,北京 100081
- 折叠
摘要
小天体着陆探测是目前获取小天体数据最直接最有效,也最具挑战的方式之一,是深空探测领域广受关注的热点问题,对行星和生命起源等重大问题研究具有独特科学意义.着陆动力学是小天体着陆任务成功的前提和保障,涉及小天体复杂空间摄动环境建模,着陆器及小天体崎岖地表描述和含有不确定性的着陆器姿轨运动分析等高维非线性动力学问题,给航天动力学提出了新的挑战.为此,本文系统梳理了已开展的小天体着陆探测任务及其着陆动力学主要问题,简单汇总了小天体着陆探测机器人及其弱引力地面模拟实验平台发展现状;归纳了小天体崎岖地表着陆器自由着陆的动力学分析方法,系统探讨了不规则引力场建模方法、接触碰撞检测与分析、双小行星系统着陆动力学,以及小天体地表力学性质等问题.最后,面向我国小天体探测任务需求,展望着陆动力学未来发展.
Abstract
Landing exploration of small celestial bodies is currently one of the most direct,efficient,and challenging approaches to obtaining information about small bodies.It has become a hot issue in deep space exploration,with particular scientific significance for studying the origin of planets and life.Landing dynamics is the prerequisite and guarantee for successfully implementing the small body landing mission,which presents a new challenge to astrodynamics.The new challenges involve modeling the complex space perturbation environment of the small body,describing the lander and the rugged small body surfaces,and analyzing the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical problems with uncertainties,such as the coupling orbit-attitude motion of the lander.To this end,this paper systematically reviews the existing landing exploration missions of small celestial bodies and the main problems of landing dynamics.The development status of the landing exploration robot and the micro-gravity ground experiment testbed are briefly summarized.Additionally,this paper concludes the dynamical methods exploited to analyze the free landing motion over rugged small body surfaces.The irregular gravitational field modeling method,the collision detection and analysis,the binary asteroid system's landing dynamics,and the small bodies'surface mechanical properties are systematically discussed,respectively.Finally,the future development of landing dynamics is prospected according to the requirements of the Chinese small celestial body exploration missions.
关键词
小天体/着陆动力学/不规则引力场建模/崎岖地表/姿轨动力学Key words
small celestial bodies/landing dynamics/irregular gravity modeling/rugged terrains/coupling orbit-attitude dynamics引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(12222202)
北京理工大学创新人才科技资助计划(2021CX01029)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据