Bioinspired capillary origami design for minimalist hydrovoltaic power generation
Hydrovoltaics generating sustainable electricity from ubiquitous water available in nature has attracted tremendous interest recently,thus developing a promising source of green energy.Especially,the evaporation-induced electricity stands out because of its stable performance,continuous output and wide application fields.Inspired by the"absorption-transport-evaporation"biological structure of floating leaf aquatic plants,a minimalist hydrovoltaic power generation was proposed using commercial paper,pencil,and natural microbial film as raw materials,and constructed by simple origami,drawing,and film-assembly.Exposing such a centimeter-sized device can produce a maximum voltage of 0.58 V,and a continuous generating electricity for more than 6 days without attenuation.The minimalist hydrovoltaic generator was constructed with a variety of pencil-drawing electrodes and origami capillary structures,can achieve stable and continuous electricity to power commercial electronic devices in the actual environment,with eco-friendly,low-cost,simple,zero carbon emissions,etc.This study provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the commercial application of a portable hydrovoltaic power generator,and has important significance for realizing the goal of"double carbon".