首页|Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

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As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed,GRB 221009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line fea-tures.In this article,we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 221009A jointly with GECAM-C and Fermi/GBM data to search for emission and absorption lines.For the first time we investigated the line feature throughout this GRB including the most bright part where many instruments suffered problems,and identified prominent emission lines in multiple time intervals.The central energy of the Gaussian emission line evolves from about 37 to 6 MeV,with a nearly constant ratio(about 10％)between the line width and central energy.Particularly,we find that both the central energy and the energy flux of the emission line evolve with time as a power law decay with power law index of-1 and-2,respectively.We suggest that the observed emission lines most likely origin from the blue-shifted electron positron pair annihilation 511 keV line.We find that a standard high latitude emission scenario cannot fully interpret the observation,thus we propose that the emission line comes from some dense clumps with electron positron pairs traveling together with the jet.In this scenario,we can use the emission line to directly,for the first time,measure the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet(Γ)and reveal its time evolution(i.e.,Γ～t-1)during the prompt emission.Interestingly,we find that the flux of the annihilation line in the co-moving frame keeps constant.These discoveries of the spectral line features shed new and important lights on the physics of GRB and relativistic jet.

GRBGRB 221009Aemission line

Yan-Qiu Zhang、Shao-Lin Xiong、Ji-Rong Mao、Shuang-Nan Zhang、Wang-Chen Xue、Chao Zheng、Jia-Cong Liu、Zhen Zhang、Xi-Lu Wang、Ming-Yu Ge、Shu-Xu Yi、Li-Ming Song、Zheng-Hua An、Ce Cai、Xin-Qiao Li、Wen-Xi Peng、Wen-Jun Tan、Chen-Wei Wang、Xiang-Yang Wen、Yue Wang、Shuo Xiao、Fan Zhang、Peng Zhang、Shi-Jie Zheng

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Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650011,China

Center for Astronomical Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China

Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China

College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China

Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China

College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China

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National Key R&D Program of ChinaNational Key R&D Program of ChinaStrategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesStrategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesStrategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaCAS Interdisciplinary ProjectGECAM(Huairou-1)Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

2021YFA07185002023YFE0101200XDA15360102XDA15360300XDA1505270012273042612340036143400461504141116730621239381323330071202780312303045KJZD-EW-L11-04XDA15360000

2024

10.1007/s11433-023-2381-0

中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学(英文版)
中国科学院

中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学(英文版)

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.91
ISSN：1674-7348
年,卷(期)：2024.67(8)