权威与激励:中央和地方政府促进科研设施与仪器开放共享的政策比较
Authority vs.incentives:Comparison of central and local government policies to promote openness of scientific facilities and instruments
游玎怡 1肖帅 2张辰 2文皓 3宋大成 4郭润桐 4温珂 4魏强 2余枝 2李天鸣2
作者信息
- 1. 四川大学 公共管理学院 成都 610065
- 2. 中国科学院科技创新发展中心 北京 100190
- 3. 中国科学院 发展规划局 北京 100864
- 4. 中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190
- 折叠
摘要
科研设施与仪器的开放共享是开放科学的题中之意,旨在提高科技资源使用效率、促进更多成果产出.政策是推动科研设施仪器开放共享的关键因素,但目前对相关政策的研究分析却较少.文章在时间—工具框架下对23份中央政策文件和65份省级政策文件进行了文本分析,凝练出强制开放和查重评议两类权威型政策工具,以及评价考核、正面和负面支付等多种激励型政策工具,揭示了省级政府沿袭和加码中央政策工具的现状.结合对高校院所调研访谈中发现的问题,提出强化使用率和产出率考核导向、分级开展查重评议、联动科研经费和开放共享、加强人才队伍建设等4点政策建议.
Abstract
The openness of scientific facilities and instruments is a part of open science,which can help improve the efficiency of resource utilization and promote more research outputs.Policies is a key driving force for the openness,but studies to analyze such policies are still lackluster.This study conducted a text analysis of 23 central government policies and 65 local government policies in the time-tool framework,and found two types of authority tools:mandatory openness and duplicate review,as well as various incentive tools to give positive and negative payment.It reveals that provincial governments follow and tighten the screws of authority tools from the central government,and meanwhile,carry out policy innovation in incentive tools.Based on the investigation of practice in the openness of scientific facilities and instruments,this study proposes four policy suggestions:paying more attention to the utilization rate and outputs,improving the institutional design of duplicate review at different levels,linking research funding to open sharing,and promoting talent development.
关键词
科研设施与仪器/权威型政策工具/激励型政策工具/中央政府/地方政府Key words
scientific facilities and instruments/authority policy tool/incentive policy tool/central government/local governments引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72304264)
中国科学院科技创新发展中心项目(2022KCZX08)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M723220)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据