灵泉露天矿生态修复效果及驱动因素分析
Ecological restoration effect and driving factors analysis of Lingquan Open-Pit Mine
邹兰兰 1冯启言 1郝明 1孟庆俊 1王立艳 2秦东富2
作者信息
- 1. 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏 徐州 221116
- 2. 扎赉诺尔煤业有限责任公司,内蒙古 满洲里 021410
- 折叠
摘要
煤矿开采通常会破坏土壤、植被,从而造成生态损伤.目前,高寒地区露天矿的生态修复工作尚处在起步阶段,针对高寒地区露天矿开展的生态修复效果及其驱动因素分析的研究较少.以灵泉露天矿为研究区,基于 2009-2022年共 11期Landsat影像,利用像元二分模型计算植被覆盖度,对矿区生态修复前后开展长时序植被覆盖动态监测,并进行生态修复效果和驱动因素分析.研究结果显示:矿区近十年来的植被覆盖度总体呈上升趋势,2017年大面积修复以后上升趋势尤为显著.气温和降水量是导致高寒地区露天矿植被覆盖度发生波动性变化的关键自然因素,其中,降水量是影响植被覆盖度持续上升的主要自然因素.植被覆盖度和土壤养分含量的变化相辅相成,植被覆盖度上升的同时会使土壤肥力提升,土壤肥力提升后又会促进植被覆盖度的上升.人工修复是高寒地区露天矿生态修复的主要方式,是高寒地区露天矿植被覆盖度上升的主要原因.研究结果表明,多年来的生态修复工作取得了显著效果,同时可为高寒地区露天矿的生态修复提供科学依据.
Abstract
Coal mining often leads to soil and vegetation damage,resulting in ecological damage.At present,the ecological restoration of open-pit mines in alpine regions is still in the initial stage,and there are few studies on the ecological restoration effect and its drving factors of open-pit mines in alpine regions.Taking Lingquan Open-Pit Mine as the research area,based on eleven Landsat images from 2009 to 2022,the vegetation coverage is calculated by using the dimidiate pixel model,the long-time dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage before and after the ecological restoration of the mining area is carried out,and the ecological restoration effect and driving factors are analyzed.The research results show that the vegetation coverage in the mining area has increased in the past ten years,especially after the large-scale restoration in 2017.Temperature and precipitation are the key natural factors that lead to the fluctuating change of vegetation coverage in open-pit mines in alpine regions,and precipitation is the main natural factor that affects the continuous growth of vegetation coverage.The change of vegetation coverage and soil nutrient content complement each other.The increase of vegetation coverage will increase soil fertility,which in turn will promote the growth of vegetation coverage.Artificial restoration is the main way of ecological restoration in open-pit mines in alpine regions and the main reason for the increase of vegetation coverage in open-pit mines in alpine regions.The research results show that the ecological restoration has achieved remarkable results over the years,and can provide scientific basis for the ecological restoration of open-pit mines in alpine regions.
关键词
生态修复/高寒地区/像元二分模型/最小二乘法/植被覆盖度/灵泉露天矿Key words
ecological restoration/alpine region/dimidiate pixel model/least squares/vegetation coverage/Lingquan Open-Pit Mine引用本文复制引用
基金项目
华能集团科技项目(HNMYKJ20-08)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2021YCPY0113)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据