Cerebrobasilar rete mirabile disease,also known as Moyamoya disease,is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of the terminal part of the internal carotid artery and the formation of abnormal smoke-like vascular networks at the base of the skull.Extracranial-intracranial bypass is currently an effective treatment for Moyamoya disease.Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a significant complication that causes neurological symptoms after the operation.Nevertheless,the pathophysiological mechanism and risk factors of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome remain unclear,and there is no systematic research summarizing the risk factors of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after revascularization for Moyamoya disease.This article reviews the risk factors of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after extracranial-intracranial bypass for Moyamoya disease.