Immediate and Lasting Effects of Reappraisal and Distraction and the Influence of Beliefs about Controllability of Emotion:An ERP Study
Objective:This study used ERP techniques and self-report scores to examine the immediate and ongoing ef-fects of reappraisal and distraction and the influence of emotion controllability beliefs on them.Methods:A 7-point scale was issued to assess individuals'emotion controllability beliefs.This experiment was divided into two stages,namely the emotion regulation stage and the stimulus re-presentation stage.Participants were presented with negative pictures in the first stage and asked to use a reappraisal or distraction strategy to reduce negative experiences.After a 30-minute interval,the same pictures were presented again,but participants were not asked to regulate their emotions.Results:The two strate-gies significantly reduced the negative experience in the emotion regulation stage.Distraction induced larger N2 and re-duced LPP amplitude,and reappraisal also reduced LPP amplitude,showing an immediate effect.During the stimulus re-presentation stage,the low-controllable belief holders showed a reverse persistence effect of distraction on late LPP.And when viewing negative images,participants with the low-controllable beliefs reported stronger negative emotions than those with the high-controllable beliefs.Conclusion:Reappraisal and distraction have immediate effects,and for individuals with low-controllable beliefs,distraction strategies may have reverse persistence effects.
万方数据
维普
